Best Practices in Building Tech Capacity in Law Enforcement Agencies

1. Recognize technology is broad – With the increasing digitization of the economy, many companies have critical technology components – ranging from key infrastructure, algorithms, and Artificial Intelligence to business models that are based on data collection and processing practices. To assess the behavior of companies, it becomes more and more important to be able to better understand the potential benefits and risks of technology. As a result, the capabilities and knowledge of digital and technologist teams will be relevant and important to an ever-greater share of the work of agencies.    

2. Take timely action – Be it detecting consumer harms or anticompetitive conduct, targeting unlawful practices before they are widely adopted, or assessing market conditions that could lead markets to tip – timely intervention can help us tackle problems at their inception, limiting harms, promoting greater competition for innovation, and saving resources over the long term.  

3. Foster interdisciplinary coordination – It is important to incorporate a greater range of technological skillsets into agency work and to foster greater collaboration among legal, economic, and technology disciplines. Agencies can approach cases, research, and other policy tools from an interdisciplinary perspective, as appropriate to the scope of our agency missions.  

4. Apply cross-agency and intra-agency coordination – It is important to value cross-agency and intra-agency coordination, where appropriate, to support meaningful agency oversight of digital and technology sectors. This can help identify and address interconnections between the conditions that give rise to harm, legal violations, or concerns under our applicable legal frameworks.

Recognizing the Need to Strengthen Enforcement Efforts Through Increased Technical Capacity and Expertise 

5. Establish and strengthen technology expertise – It is essential that our agencies continue to strengthen digital and technological capacity to support agency missions and build the skills and capabilities of staff (in-house or in strategic collaborations, e.g., with universities). This includes relying on and integrating new profiles into agencies, such as technologists, software and hardware engineers, product managers, UX designers, data scientists, investigative researchers, and subject matter experts in areas such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and augmented and virtual reality.

6. Apply expertise to law enforcement – Closely integrating technical expertise, tools, and methods will strengthen law enforcement that aims to protect consumers and competition. This will help agency teams to conduct more efficient, rigorous, and faster investigations, reduce information asymmetries and blind spots, and get more effective remedies and better outcomes. With the right technical expertise, competition agencies can make the most of technology for detection purposes and to develop more effective tools for enforcement. 

7. Strengthen horizon scanning – The pace and volume of tech developments means that agencies need to be alert and responsive to anticipate problems and take swift action. Among other tools, horizon scanning initiatives can be critical to track and highlight new developments, opportunities, and threats in technology and how they relate to consumers and markets.

Recognizing the Need to Strengthen International Agency Cooperation at the Level of Technical Experts  

8. Share best practices – Agencies will continue to engage in discussions at the expert level with the aim of developing and sharing best practices, elevating agency missions, and facilitating ad hoc discussions to inform timely, relevant, and appropriate enforcement and regulatory action to protect competition and consumers in increasingly digitized economies.