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FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
Chris M. Couillou, Georgia Bar No.
190062
Robin L. Rock, Georgia Bar No. 629532
225 Peachtree Street, Suite 1500
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
(404) 656-1353, (404) 656-1368
Attorneys for Plaintiff Federal Trade Commission
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
DISTRICT OF ARIZONA
FEDERAL
TRADE COMMISSION, Plaintiff,
v.
NEXGEN3000.COM, INC.
GLOBION, INC.,
INFINITY2, INC.,
DAVID A. CHARETTE,
JENNIFER K. CHARETTE,
ROBERT J. CHARETTE, JR.,
MARTA N. CHARETTE,
STEPHEN M. DIAMOND,
CHRISTINE A. WASSER, and
EDWARD G. HOYT, Defendants. |
COMPLAINT FOR PERMANENT INJUNCTION
AND OTHER
EQUITABLE RELIEF |
Plaintiff, the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC" or "Commission"),
by its undersigned
attorneys, allege:
1. The FTC brings this action under Section 13(b) of
the Federal Trade Commission Act
("FTC Act"), 15 U.S.C. § 53(b), to secure a permanent injunction, preliminary
relief and other equitable relief against Defendants for their unfair or deceptive
acts or practices in violation of Section
5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
JURISDICTION AND VENUE
2. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over
the FTC's claims pursuant to 15 U.S.C. §§ 45(a) and 53(b) and 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331,
1337(a) and 1345.
3. Venue in the District of Arizona is proper under
15 U.S.C. § 53(b) and
28 U.S.C. § 1391(b), (c), and (d).
PLAINTIFF
4. Plaintiff, the FTC, is an independent agency of
the United States government created by
statute, 15 U.S.C. §§ 41 et seq. The Commission enforces Section 5(a) of the
FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. §
45(a), which prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting
commerce. The Commission may initiate federal district court proceedings to enjoin
violations of the FTC Act and to secure such
equitable relief as is appropriate in each case. 15 U.S.C. § 53(b).
DEFENDANTS
5. Defendant NexGen3000.com, Inc. ("NexGen") is a Cayman
Islands corporation with its principal place of business at 8049 E. Lakeside
Parkway, Suite 202,
Tucson, Arizona 85730.
NexGen began operating in 2000 as a multi-level marketing company selling Internet
malls and nutritional supplements. NexGen has transacted business in the
District of Arizona.
6. Defendant Globion, Inc. ("Globion") is an Arizona
corporation with its principal place of business at 8049 E. Lakeside Parkway,
Suite 202, Tucson,
Arizona 85730. It has conducted
business since at least 1998. Globion and NexGen have or had common directors
and owners. Globion supplied Internet malls to NexGen for resale. Globion
transacts business in the District of
Arizona.
7. Infinity2, Inc. ("Infinity2") is an Arizona corporation
with its principal place of business at 14500 N. Northsight, Suite 316, Scottsdale,
Arizona
85260. It has conducted business since 1993.
Infinity2 and NexGen share or have shared a common owner and director, Edward
G. Hoyt. Infinity2 sold nutritional supplements through NexGen's Internet
malls and to affiliates of NexGen. Infinity2
transacts business in the District of Arizona.
8. Defendant David A. Charette ("David Charette") is
the chief executive officer of and an owner of Globion and has been its president.
He is an owner
of NexGen and is or has been a director
of NexGen. Individually or in concert with others, David Charette directs, controls
or participates in or has directed, controlled or participated in the acts
and practices of Globion and NexGen. David
Charette resides and transacts business in the District of Arizona.
9. Defendant Jennifer K. Charette is named as the wife of defendant David
Charette. At all times, David Charette has acted on behalf of the marital
community, and Jennifer K. Charette is
being named for community liability purposes.
10. Defendant Robert J. Charette, Jr., ("Robert Charette")
is or has been a director, a vice president, and owner of Globion. Individually
or in concert
with others, Robert Charette directs,
controls or participates in or has directed, controlled or participated in the
acts and practices of Globion and NexGen. Robert Charette resides and transacts
business in the District of Arizona.
11. Defendant Marta N. Charette is named as the wife of defendant Robert
Charette. At all times, Robert Charette has acted on behalf of the marital
community,
and Marta N. Charette is being
named for community liability purposes.
12. Defendant Stephen M. Diamond ("Diamond") is a director
and owner of Globion and an owner of NexGen. He is or has been a director
of NexGen. Individually
or in concert with others,
Diamond directs, controls or participates in or directed, controlled or participated
in the acts and practices of Globion and NexGen. Diamond resides and transacts
business in the District of Arizona.
13. Defendant Christine A. Wasser ("Wasser") is a director,
officer and owner of Globion and is an owner of NexGen. Individually or in
concert with
others,
Wasser directs, controls or
participates in or directed, controlled or participated in the acts and practices
of Globion and NexGen. Wasser resides and transacts business in the District
of Arizona.
14. Defendant Edward G. Hoyt ("Hoyt") is a director
and president of Infinity2 and is or has been an owner and director of NexGen.
Individually or in concert
with others, Hoyt directs,
controls or participates in or directed, controlled or participated in the acts
and practices of Infinity2 and NexGen. Hoyt resides and transacts business
in the District of Arizona.
COMMERCE
15. At all times material to this complaint, Defendants'
course of business, including the acts and practices alleged herein, have
been and are in or
affecting commerce, as "commerce" is defined in
Section 4 of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 44.
DEFENDANTS' BUSINESS PRACTICES
16. Defendants sold Internet malls through NexGen beginning
in 2000.
17. The Internet malls contained a collection of links to retail websites
maintained by
merchants.
18. Defendants promoted the sale of Internet malls
directly through NexGen websites and
through a network of affiliates.
19. NexGen states its corporate mission as the following: "To
enhance and enrich the quality of life for millions of people worldwide,
physically,
mentally and financially."
20. In the NexGen website, live presentations, and
telephone calls, Defendants represented, expressly or by implication, that
consumers who become affiliated
with NexGen and
promote its business opportunity were likely to receive substantial income
from NexGen, including, but
not limited to, the following:
A. "Whether you're looking for a few extra dollars
each month to help
make ends meet, or your dream is to build a whole new career and
establish the strong financial security and live the lifestyle you and your
family deserves, NexGen3000.com is the vehicle for your journey.
And what's more, you determine how successful you will be."
B. "Our WebSuite Packages provide the potential for
unlimited income!
You have control of you future by getting in on the ground floor of the
Internet explosion."
C. "Each activated business center has the potential
to earn up to $60,000
per week."
D. "We're going to have people liquid - - cash liquid
who when they go
buy a car, they're going to learn how to generate enough money to buy
those cars cash. When they go buy a home, they're going to be able to
buy that home, cash."
E. "If you just want to make an extra $400 or $500
a month or even an extra $1000 a month, you don't need to come to Atlanta.
But if you
ever thought about wanting to secure yourself and learning how to
make a six-figure income, come on over to Atlanta and see what
happens."
F. "We want to pay you well while you're building
your business, we want to pay you extremely well for getting that business
off the ground,
and
we want to pay you exorbitantly well when it's time for you to retire."
21 Consumers paid to become affiliated with the NexGen
program. Most consumers
became affiliated with NexGen by purchasing a "websuite" which included the
Internet mall plus related goods and services. For a "Power Pack WebSuite" and
a registration fee, NexGen charged consumers approximately $555. For a "Basic
WebSuite" and a registration fee, NexGen charged
approximately $185.
22. By purchasing a websuite, a new affiliate qualified
to earn commissions on the sale of
websuites to new recruits.
23. When a NexGen affiliate recruited another person
by selling that person a websuite, one or more activated business centers
for the recruit were laced
below that of his or her recruiter in
NexGen's binary compensation plan. Commissions were earned through activated
business centers. Each position in the compensation plan had two positions
below it, hence the term "binary." Recruits
placed below a NexGen affiliate become that affiliate's "downline." As recruits
in turn recruited others, the downline of the original affiliate grew. NexGen
affiliates earned commissions on their sales of
websuites as well as the sales of websuites by their downline. The primary way
that NexGen paid its affiliates was through commissions derived from the sale
of websuites to new recruits.
24. NexGen also paid commissions to affiliates on purchases from Internet
merchants that resulted from visits to the affiliates' malls. Similarly,
affiliates earned commissions from purchases
directed to third-party Internet merchants as a result of visits through the
malls of their downline. The commissions NexGen paid on these purchases were
relatively small compared to the commissions it
paid on sales of websuites to new recruits.
25. NexGen paid commissions to affiliates on their sale of websuites whether
or not the
affiliates earned commissions on purchases from Internet merchants.
26. In addition to the compensation already described,
Defendants paid special commissions on the sale of Infinity2 nutritional
supplements when
those sales
were made on the basis of
a standing monthly or quarterly order, known as "autoship." These special commissions
provided further financial incentives for joining the NexGen program through
buying a websuite and then
recruiting new affiliates. For example, NexGen paid commissions on the sale
of Infinity2 products through another multi-level marketing program referred
to as a "matrix." The matrix was a tertiary
compensation plan, i.e., each position in the plan had three positions below
it. One of the conditions to participating in the matrix was that an affiliate
have an activated business center. Affiliates immediately
obtained at least one activated business center by purchasing a websuite. Therefore,
the matrix provided additional incentive to join the NexGen program by purchasing
a websuite. The matrix also
provided incentive for recruiting new affiliates because NexGen paid commissions
to an affiliate through the matrix only if the affiliate had a downline, and
downlines only grew through recruitment.
27. The NexGen program was structured so that financial gains were primarily
dependent
upon the continued, successful recruitment of additional affiliates.
28. The vast majority of NexGen affiliates made little or no profit.
29. Defendants failed to disclose, in connection with the offering for
sale or sale of participation in the NexGen program, that the vast majority
of
NexGen affiliates would make little or no
profit.
30. Defendants NexGen3000, Globion, and Infinity2 operated together as
part of a
common enterprise to market a pyramid scheme.
VIOLATIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE FTC ACT
COUNT 1
31. In numerous instances, Defendants represented, expressly or by implication,
that participants in the NexGen program were likely to receive substantial
income.
32. In truth and in fact, in numerous instances, consumers who participated
in the NexGen
program were not likely to receive substantial income.
33. Therefore, the representation set forth in paragraph
31 is false and misleading and constitutes a deceptive act or practice in
violation of
Section 5(a)
of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
COUNT 2
34. By furnishing NexGen affiliates with promotional material to be used
in recruiting new participants that contain false and misleading representations
including, but not limited to, the false and
misleading representations described in paragraph 31 above, Defendants provided
the means and instrumentalities for the commission of deceptive acts and
practices.
35. Therefore, Defendants' practices, as described
in paragraph 34, constitute deceptive acts and practices in violation of
Section 5(a) of the FTC Act,
15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
COUNT 3
36. In numerous instances, Defendants represented, expressly or by implication,
that participants in the NexGen program were likely to receive substantial
income.
37. Defendants failed to disclose that the structure of the NexGen compensation
plan
ensured that a substantial percentage of participants would lose money.
38. This additional information, described in paragraph 37, would have
been material to
customers in deciding whether to participate in the NexGen program.
39. The Defendants' failure to disclose the material
information in paragraph 37, in light of the representations made in paragraph
36, constitutes a deceptive
act and practice in violation of
Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
COUNT 4
40. As alleged in paragraphs 15 through 30, the NexGen program was an inherently
unlawful scheme in which the compensation structure was based primarily on payments
to participants for the recruitment of new participants, not on the retail
sale of products or services, thereby resulting in
a substantial percentage of participants losing money.
41. This type of scheme, referred to as a pyramid scheme,
is a deceptive act and practice in
violation of Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
COMMON ENTERPRISE
42. Defendants NexGen3000, Globion, and Infinity2 operated as a common
enterprise while engaging in the deceptive acts and practices alleged above
in paragraphs
31 through 41.
43. Because each of the defendants NexGen3000, Globion,
and Infinity2 functioned as a common enterprise in the commission of the
deceptive acts and practices
alleged above, they have each
violated Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a).
CONSUMER INJURY
44. Defendants' violations of Section 5 of the FTC Act, as set forth above,
have caused substantial injury to consumers. Absent injunctive relief by
this Court, Defendants are likely to injure
consumers in the future.
THIS COURT'S POWER TO GRANT RELIEF
45. Section 13(b) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 53(b),
empowers this Court to grant injunctive and other ancillary relief, including
consumer
redress,
disgorgement and restitution, to prevent
and remedy any violations of any provisions of law enforced by the Federal Trade
Commission.
PRAYER FOR RELIEF
WHEREFORE Plaintiff Federal Trade Commission pursuant
to Section 13(b) of the FTC Act,
15 U.S.C. § 53(b), and the Court's own equitable powers, request that this Court:
1. Award Plaintiff such preliminary injunctive and ancillary relief as may be necessary to avert
the likelihood of consumer injury during the pendency of this action and to preserve the possibility of
effective final relief;
2. Permanently enjoin Defendants from violating the FTC Act as alleged herein;
3. Award such relief as the Court finds necessary to redress injury to consumers resulting from
Defendants' violations of the FTC Act as alleged herein including, but not limited to, rescission of
contracts, the refund of monies paid, and the disgorgement of ill-gotten monies.
4. Award Plaintiff the costs of bringing this action, as well as such other and additional relief as
the Court may determine to be just and proper.
Dated: February 14, 2003
Respectfully submitted,
WILLIAM E. KOVACIC
General Counsel
__________________________________
Chris
M. Couillou
Georgia Bar No. 190062
Robin L. Rock
Georgia Bar No. 629532
Attorneys for Plaintiff
Federal Trade Commission
225 Peachtree St., Suite
1500
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
(404) 656-1353 (Couillou)
(404) 656-1368 (Rock)
(404) 656-1379 (Fax)
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