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D ~ 8"<@  @È ~ " 0   ~    y?8<~ "x>`> "x@?>` xp? ~  @ ~ x 0@p p C ~ p@ ~ `@  ~  $   ~   >8 p ~   @p ~  @ 8` ~ @   ~ 8 @@   ~   0x ~  |H~ @ ~   ~  a1@ x x?8~   D~??8~ `h8x~?x~  @~p@A|8 ?|?xp8~ `x@  xp x@p @x8x`pp`x0x8~B  x << ` |9D8CCE.A590008A59FPQQpY"CQ//HJ=Alys CohentDavid Goldston -Reply -Reply aPPRIESMANWOg#/p/s%_fvMail#L-CR_5CR_}9A;<jkHQnSAT4rACOHENm6 o341D8DF3.E20cT341D8B22341D8B22.E2000120E20341D8CCE341D8CCE.A590008A59F341D8DF3341D8DF3.E2000120E20D%PQYH,/"CR_/P5tPL#"tHCO5tHCOL#"tHCO5tHCOLl(ys CohenHQ.SAT4(LFAIR)$L#=avt/U"454@Y/ Zxpg@,vU!XBM4M4Bd6M4M4"d L4 u$<F<92#t!&<QQyOPQ } LZg\t(/ȵF:x=ɵ yS=A1Ѱ}``,%N8|w$] [ 0"9x$0ԓ V5O[d8ዟⱺ]-qZӈ@fH>BM0/Q?zfIDgп̳~T*6kV|y`:2.%m#9F fw7䉏KLyN^ "ЩNnO(%cL6B)5jGJ!ʛ݇2&RIk-x5'zFk(/*VtLOY[L,' !OWiGq)j6FXZáM3No\ > |,p2833344 6d4t4nv^$"""# +X111G Vf$Ӏ  1    _  ThisreportisthemostrecentinaseriesthattheFederalTradeCommission(FTC)has  preparedsince1967.TABLE A(ce2>%(|19983|x!U@&MILK I&mage <=8C HKKKKTABLE A(3$ !    '  _    `  "Tar,"Nicotine&CarbonMonoxideReport0  0x (# (#ǺXX Page  1  #XXǺ#TABLE A d ` Vf$Ӏ  4    _  SeeThun,M.J.,etal.,"CigaretteSmokingandChangesintheHistopathologyofLung  Cancer,"89J.ofthe_Nat'l_ԀCancerInst.1580(1997);Ernster,V.L.,"TheEpidemiologyofLung  CancerinWomen,"4AnnalsofEpidemiology102(1994);Levi,F.S.,etal.,"LungCarcinoma  TrendsbyHistologicTypeinVaudandNeuchatel,Switzerland,19741994,"79Cancer906 t (1997). h Vf$Ӏ  2    _  Whenthetestmethodwasadopted,thepublichealthcommunitybelievedthat"[t]he  preponderanceofscientificevidencestronglysuggeststhatthelowerthe"tar"andnicotinecontentofcigarettesmoke,thelessharmfulwouldbethe_effect."_ԀU.S._Dep't_ԀofHealthandHumanServices,TheHealthConsequencesofSmoking:TheChangingCigarette1(1981) t (quoting1966PublicHealthServicestatement). y Vf$Ӏ  6    _  InMay2000,theCommissionreleasedaConsumerAlertentitled"UpInSmoke:The  TruthAboutTarandNicotineRatings"thatprovidesconsumerswithimportantinformationabout"lowtar"cigarettesandthelimitationsofthe"tar"andnicotineratings.  Vf$Ӏ  7    _  O$ OXXInearly1999,theTobaccoInstitutewasdisbandedpursuanttothemultistatetobacco  settlement.TheTobaccoInstituteTestingLaboratory'sfacilitieshavecontinuedoperationunderthenameTobaccoIndustryTestingLaboratory.#XX OO$j#  X Vf$Ӏ  8    _  TheCommissiondecidedinearly1987tocloseitslaboratory.TheCommissionfound  thatclosingthelaboratorywasnecessaryforseveralreasons:chiefly,thecostofthelaboratorywassignificant,andtheCommissionwouldhavehadtocommitsignificantadditionalfundstocontinuetheprogram.TheCommissionwasalsopersuadedthattheinformationcouldbeobtainedfromothersources,andothermeanswereavailabletoverifytheaccuracyofindustrytestingresults.  Vf$Ӏ  10    _  The_Commission's_Ԁ1980announcement,45Fed.Reg.46,483(1980),adoptedanew  testingmethodologytodetermine_cigarettes'_Ԁcarbonmonoxide(CO)yields,andmodifiedtheexistingspecificationsfordeterminingnicotineyields:  1.0 ` DetermineCOconcentrationusinga20portsmokingmachinedescribedbyH.C. ` PillsburyandG._Merfeld_Ԁatthe32ndTobaccoChemistsResearchConference,October1978; ` (#` (#  $ t    2.0 ` TheconcentrationofCOwillbereportedasmilligramspercigarette;` (#` (#   3.0 ` Thepresentmethodfor"tar"andnicotinedeterminationwillbemodifiedtouse  themethoddescribedinanarticleentitled,"GasChromatographicDeterminationofNicotineContainedonCambridgeFilter_Pads,"_ԀbyJohnR.Wagner,etal.,aspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemists,October1978. Vf$Ӏ  11    _  Severalissuesshouldbenotedwithregardtothecollectionandtabulationofthedatain  Table1.First,theunderlying"tar"andnicotineratingswereobtainedusingsmokingmachineparameters(pufffrequency,puffvolume,etc.)thathavenotchangedsincetheywerefirstadoptedin1967.Althoughthisconsistencyallowsforcomparisonofthedataovertime,italsomeansthatthetesthasnotbeenmodifiedtoreflectpossiblechangesinthewaypeoplesmoke.Forexample,researchindicatesthatsmokersoflowerratedcigarettesmaytendtosmokethemmoreintensivelythantheysmokecigaretteswithhigherratings.Thus,whileTable1suggestsadeclineinaverage"tar"andnicotineyieldsofcigarettes,thismightnotcorrespondtoasimilarreductionin"tar"andnicotineingestionbysmokers.  Second,thesourceofthedatainTable1haschangedovertime.From1967through1985,the_Commission's_Ԁlaboratoryprovidedpracticallyallofthe"tar"andnicotineratingsreportedbytheCommission.Asnotedsupra,theCommissiondecidedin1987tocloseits   cigarettetestinglaboratory.Sincethen,theTITLhascontinuedtotestmostbrandedcigarettes;thecompaniesreporttheresultstotheCommissionpursuanttocompulsoryprocessandtheCommissionpublishestheresults.Thecompaniestesttheirowngenericandprivatelabelcigaretteswhichtodayrepresentasignificantpartoftheoverallcigarettemarketbrandsnotwidelyavailable,andnewbrands.  Third,althoughtheCommissiondidnotpublish"tar"andnicotinereportsduringsomeoftheyearscoveredbyTable1,reliabledataforthoseyearsarestillavailable.Beginningwithcigarettessoldincalendaryear1985,theCommissionrequiredthemajorcigarettecompaniestoreportannuallythe"tar",nicotine,andcarbonmonoxideratingsofallcigarettestheysoldintheUnitedStates.Thesedatawereincorporatedasneededintothedatabasethatwasusedtocomputethesalesweighted"tar"andnicotinefiguresinTable1.  Finally,whentheFTCcreateditscomputerizeddatabasefor"tar"andnicotinefiguresin1982,variousproblemsresultedinmissingobservationsforbetweenfourandeightpercentofthedatafortheyears1982through1984.Althoughthesemissingobservationsdonotappeartogeneratesystemicbiasesinthedata,theysuggestthatthedatainTable1maybemoreusefulforgauginglongtermtrendsthanforevaluatingchangesoververyshorttimespans. _ Vf$Ӏ  3    _  SmokingandTobaccoControlMonograph8:ChangesinCigaretteRelatedDisease  RiskandTheirImplicationsforPreventionandControl,NationalInstitutesofHealth,National  CancerInstitute(1997). @ Vf$Ӏ  4    _  SeeThun,M.J.,etal.,"CigaretteSmokingandChangesintheHistopathologyofLung  Cancer,"89J.oftheNat'lCancerInst.1580(1997);Ernster,V.L.,"TheEpidemiologyofLung  CancerinWomen,"4AnnalsofEpidemiology102(1994);Levi,F.S.,etal.,"LungCarcinoma  TrendsbyHistologicTypeinVaudandNeuchatel,Switzerland,19741994,"79Cancer906 t (1997). l Vf$Ӏ  5    _  Amongotherthings,_HHS's_Ԁreviewisdesignedtoreconcilethefindingsofrecentstudies  suggestingthatcigaretteswithlower"tar"ratingsmaynotbelessharmfulwiththefindingsofotherstudiessuggestingthattheremaybesomeriskreductionfromtheuseoflower"tar"cigarettes.SeeParish,H.,etal.,"Cigarettesmoking,taryields,andnonfatalmyocardial t infarction:14,000casesand32,000controlsinthe_UK,"_Ԁ311Brit.Med.J.,471(1995);Tang,J., ` etal.,"Mortalityinrelationtotaryieldofcigarettes:aprospectivestudyoffour_cohorts,"_Ԁ311Brit.Med.J.1530(1995).(3$ !  'dxd( $ Figure  1  Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5  Vf$Ӏ  9    _  OnApril13,1983,theCommissionannouncedithaddeterminedthatitstesting  methodologyunderstatedthemeasureddeliveriesforBrown&_Williamson's_ԀBarclaycigarettes.Therefore,Barclaycigaretteswereremovedfromthe_Commission's_Ԁreportsfor"tar,"nicotine,   andcarbonmonoxideuntilanew,accuratemethodologycouldbetestedandadopted.TheCommissionfoundthattherewasalsoasignificantlikelihoodthatthesameproblemexistedwithtwootherBrown&WilliamsonvarietiesKoolUltraandKoolUltra_100's._  OnJuly25,1986,theCommissioninformedBrown&WilliamsonthatasaresultofareviewofdatapresentedbyBrown&Williamsonregarding"tar"andnicotineratingfortwovarietiesofBarclaycigaretteswithanewfilter,theCommissionwouldauthorize,undercertainconditions,thefollowinglegendsforadvertisingpurposes:  1.0 ` ForBarclayKingsize: L ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#3mg."tar,".2mg.nicotineavg.percigaretteasauthorizedbyFTC. ` (#` (#   2. ` ForBarclay_100's:_      ` 5mg."tar,".4mg.nicotineavg.percigaretteasauthorizedbyFTC.>c$"Small Circle"0 'dxdcccc'dxd&p d Pdgggg'dxd&p Pd dijij'dxd3+0 d d d3+0 d d dllll'dxd d'dxd'dxdpppp'dxd dP Pdqq' dxdtttt'dxd&0 d dvvvv'dxd&P d dxxxx'dxd  dqqqq'dxd{{{{'dxd d($    (-!2Vf$ !  Ӏ  0  !VhAowContractContract Outline StyleC.1(a)(1)(i)(A)(a)(<K$2C.  0  3  0  (`;$0  2(  a  )3  0` (#(#(b$0  0` (#(#2   .3  0 ` (#` (#(*u**$*,XX hXX*0  0` (#(#4 4  2(   )3  0 ` (#` (#*,XX hXX*($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2(  a  )3  0h(#(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#23  0h(#h(## !  _XXXX5m5g 3#` p0 `N^Ek g (#(#         (#(##XXXX+#X[XXXyXX[  FederalTradeCommission \ @*#X[XyG#XX[@H H "TAR,"NICOTINE,ANDCARBONMONOXIDE l @^ ^ OFTHESMOKEOF1294VARIETIES@/ / OFDOMESTICCIGARETTES@  "FORTHEYEAR1998   @  @`  @  @  @h  @  @  @p  @  @  Issued2000#(##XX#  *<&! @dJ@55 8XXdd8      Reportof"Tar,"Nicotine,andCarbonMonoxideofthe  Smokeof1294VarietiesofDomesticCigarettesFortheYear1998 -^X,XX-    Thisreportcontainsdataonthe"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxideyieldsof1294varietiesofcigarettesmanufacturedandsoldintheUnitedStatesin1998.    1         LimitationsoftheCigaretteTestMethodm r       Cigaretteratingsfor"tar,"nicotineandcarbonmonoxidearecurrentlydeterminedbymachinetestingconductedinaccordancewithamethodologyadoptedbytheCommissionin1967.The"tar"andnicotinetestingprogramwasintendedtoprovidesmokersseekingtoswitchtolower"tar"cigaretteswithasingle,standardizedmeasurementwithwhichtochooseamongthethenexistingbrands.h   2            Overthepast30yearsthatthecurrentsystemhasbeeninplace,therehavebeendramaticdecreasesinthemachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineyieldsofcigarettes.Since1968,theaveragesalesweightedmachinemeasured"tar"yieldhasfallenfrom21.6mg.to12.0mg.Today,nearly82%ofallcigarettessoldhavemachinemeasured"tar"yieldsof15mg.orless.    Despitethesesubstantialdecreasesinmachinemeasuredyields,theCommissionhasbeenconcernedforsometimethatthecurrenttestmethodmaybemisleadingtoindividualconsumerswhorelyontheratingsitproducesasindicatorsofhowmuch"tar"andnicotinethey ## actuallygetfromtheircigarettes.Infact,thecurrentratingstendtoberelativelypoorpredictorsof"tar"andnicotineexposure.Thisappearstobedueprimarilytocompensationthetendencyofsmokersoflowerratedcigarettestotakebiggerormorefrequentpuffs,orotherwisealtertheirsmokingbehaviortogettheamountofnicotinetheyneed.Suchvariationsinthewaypeoplesmokecanhavesignificanteffectsontheamountof"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxidetheygetfromanyparticularcigarette.TheCommissionisconcernedthatsmokersmayincorrectlybelieve,forexample,thattheywillgetthreetimesasmuch"tar"froma15mg."tar"cigaretteasfroma5mg."tar"cigarette.Infact,ifcompensationissufficientlygreat,itispossibleforsmokerstogetasmuch"tar"andnicotinefromrelativelylowratedcigarettesasfromhigherratedones.Althoughtheselimitationshavebeenpresentinthesystemsinceitsinitiationin1967,theyhavebecomeofsubstantialconcernmorerecentlybecauseofchangesinmoderncigarettedesignandabetterunderstandingoftheeffectsofcompensatorysmokingbehavior.    Somepublichealthagencieshavealsoexpressedconcernsthatnewstudiesmayquestionthebasicassumptionunderlyingcigarettetestingthatcigaretteswithlowermachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineratingsarelessharmfulthanoneswithhigherratings.Forexample,in1997,theNationalCancerInstituteissuedamonographnotingthattheapparentmortalityriskamongcurrentsmokershasriseninthelastfortytofiftyyears,eventhoughmachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineyieldshavefallenduringthesameperiod.'   3      ׀Inattemptingtounderstandthisfact,the $X" monographsuggestedthattheincreasedmortalityriskmightbeduetoincreasesincurrentsmokers'lifetimeexposuretocigarettesmokeorthatthereduced"tar"levelsofmodern '#& cigarettesmayhavelessbenefitthanpreviouslybelieved.Inaddition,anumberofstudieshavealsofoundthatchangesinsmokingbehaviorandcigarettedesignappeartohaveresultedinanincreaseinatypeofcancerthatoccursdeeperinthelungthanthelungcancertraditionallyassociatedwithsmoking.(   4       8      Inlightoftheseconcerns,in1998theCommissionrequestedthattheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices("HHS")conductacompletereviewoftheFTC'scigarettetestingmethodology.),   5      ׀Thatreviewiscurrentlyunderway.       Whilethatreviewisunderway,theCommissionbelievesthatallsmokersshouldknowthefollowingfacts:Sc    0  Sc"04(#(#  "Tar"andnicotineratingswereneverintendedtoreflectwhatanyindividual H consumerwouldgetfromanyparticularcigarette;Sc݌ 4(#4(# Ќ  0  0(#(#Sc  Sc"04(#(#  Howmuch"tar"andnicotineanindividualgetsfromacigarettedependsonhowhe  \ orshesmokesit!smokersofcigarettebrandswithlower"tar"andnicotineratingswhotakelargerormorefrequentpuffsmaygetasmuch"tar"andnicotineassmokersofhigherratedbrands;Sc݌ 4(#4(# Ќ  0  0(#(#Sc  Sc"04(#(#  Manycigaretteshaveventilationholesthat,whenblocked,substantiallyincrease  exposuretotheharmfulconstituentsinsmoke;Sc݌ 4(#4(# Ќ    0  0(#(#Sc  Sc."04(#(#  Thereisnosuchthingasasafesmoke,nomatterwhatthe"tar"andnicotineratings  are;andSc.I݌ 4(#4(# Ќ  0  0(#(#Sc  ScM"04(#(#  Peoplewhoareconcernedaboutthehealtheffectsofsmokingshouldquit.#XXXX~#XXXX#XrXXXrt #XXXX   6      #XXXXV#XXXXScMh݌t4(#4(# Ќ  #XXXX#XXXX    TheCommissionalsobelievesitisvitalthattherebeamechanismforimplementingthe 8  recommendedchangesoncetheHHSreviewiscompleted.AlthoughtheCommissionbringsastrong,marketbasedexpertisetoitsscrutinyofconsumerprotectionmatters,itdoesnothavethespecializedscientificexpertiseneededtodesignscientifictestprocedures.Indeed,whenevaluatingmedicalorotherscientificissues,theCommissionoftenreliesonothergovernmentagenciesandoutsideexpertswithmoreknowledgeintherelevantareas.Therefore,initstwomostrecentreportstoCongresspursuanttotheCigaretteLabelingandAdvertisingAct,theCommissionhasrecommendedthatCongressconsidergivingauthorityovercigarettetestingtooneoftheFederalgovernment'ssciencebased,publichealthagencies.TheSourceoftheDatainThisReport#       TheFTCobtainedthetestresultspublishedinthisreportfromthefivelargestcigarettemanufacturersintheUnitedStates.Thesecompaniesare:Brown&WilliamsonTobaccoCorporation;LiggettGroup,Inc.;Lorillard,Inc.;PhilipMorris,Inc.;andR.J.ReynoldsTobaccoCompany,Inc.    TheTobaccoInstituteTestingLaboratory(TITL),aprivatelaboratoryoperatedbythecigaretteindustry,conductedmuchofthe"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxidetestingforthese &"& varieties.    7      ׀TITLprovidedtheresultstotherespectivecigarettecompanies,whichthenprovided  TITL'sdataregardingtheirownbrandstotheCommissioninresponsetocompulsoryprocess.#XXXX #XXXX  Generic,privatelabel,andotherbrandsnotwidelyavailableweretestedbythemanufacturersthemselves,notbyTITL.TheCommissionalsoobtainedtheinformationabouttheseotherbrandsdirectlyfromthemanufacturers,pursuanttocompulsoryprocess.ResultsofsuchnonTITLtestingareindicatedbyasterisks.#XXXX'#XXXXThemethodology,processes,andproceduresthatthefive  8  cigarettecompaniesandTITLemployareidenticaltothosetheCommission,initsowntestinglab,hadfollowedinthepast.#L   8      #XXXXb)#XXXX   ADescriptionoftheCigaretteTestMethod* \     ThecigarettesweretestedusingtheCambridgeMethod.TheCommissionapprovedthismethodology,andithasbeenthestandardforcigarettetestingsince1966.ThetestingwasconductedunderconditionsoriginallyprescribedbytheCommissionin1967,32Fed.Reg.11,187(1967),asmodifiedbytheCommission's1980adoptionofproceduresformeasuringcarbonmonoxideyields.N    9      ׀TheconditionsprescribedintheFTC's1967announcementwere:      1.8 4 Smokecigarettestoa23mm.buttlength,ortothelengthofthefilterand  overwrapplus3mm.ifinexcessof23mm.; 44     2.8 4 Baseresultsonatestof100cigarettesperbrand,ortype;t44     3.8 4 Cigarettestobetestedwillbeselectedonarandombasis,asopposedto L  "weightselection"; 44     4.8 4 Determineparticulatematterona"dry"basisemployingthegas  ` chromatographymethodpublishedbyC.H.SloanandB.J.SublettinTobaccoScience9,page70,1965,asmodifiedbyF.J.Schultz'andA.W.Spears'reportpublishedinTobaccoVol.162,No.24,page32,datedJune17,1966,todeterminethemoisturecontent; 44     5.8 4 Determineandreportthe"tar"yieldaftersubtractingmoistureand   alkaloids(asnicotine)fromparticulatematter; 44     6.8 4 Report"tar"yieldtothenearestwholemilligramandnicotineyieldtothe \ nearest1/10milligram.%x   10      ׀H44 Ї-    TITLreportedthatanindependentcompanyundercontracttoTITLobtainedthetestedcigarettesamples.Underitscontract,thiscompanypurchasedtwopackagesofeveryvarietyofcigarettesin50geographicallocationsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ifnotallvarietieswereavailableineverylocation,oneormoreadditionalpackagesofcigaretteswerepurchasedintheareaswheretherespectivevarietieswereavailable.CigarettesusedinthetestrepresentedcigarettessoldintheU.S.atthetimeofpurchasein1998.    "Tar"andcarbonmonoxideratingsareroundedtothenearestmilligram(mg.);thosewith0.5mg.orgreaterareroundedup,whilethosewith0.4mg.orlessareroundeddown.Thenicotinefiguresareroundedtothenearesttenthofamilligram.Thosewith0.05mg.orgreaterareroundedup;thosewith0.04mg.orlessareroundeddown.    Cigarettevarietieswithassayresultsfor"tar"orcarbonmonoxidebelow0.5mg.percigaretteorfornicotinebelow0.05mg.arerecordedinthetableas<0.5,and<0.05,respectively.Thetabledoesnotdifferentiate,norareactualratingsprovidedforthesecigarettes,becausethecurrentlyapprovedtestingmethodologyisnotsufficientlysensitivetoreportthesecomponentsatlowerlevels.     Table1ofthisreportdisplaystheaverage"tar"andnicotinevalues,calculatedonasales X  weightedbasis,from1968through1998.&   11          . X^X,X.&X %XX@pp' TABLE1  @< < SALESWEIGHTED"TAR"ANDNICOTINEYIELDS@]]&19681998  8    `  YEAR   h "TAR"(mg.)  NICOTINE(mg.) 8 !  X!#XX %&X9#&X %XX 1968''$21.633/1.35    1969''$20.733/1.38 O   1970''$20.033/1.31  V   1971''$20.233/1.32     1972''$19.933/1.39 t    1973''$19.333/1.32 +{   1974''$18.433/1.24 2   1975''$18.633/1.21    1976''$18.133/1.16 P   1977''$16.833/1.12 W   1978''$16.133/1.11    1979''$15.133/1.07 u   1980''$14.133/1.04 ,|  1981''$13.233/0.92 3  1982''$13.533/0.89   1983''$13.433/0.88 Q  1984''$13.033/0.89 X  1985''$13.033/0.95   1986''$13.433/0.93 v  1987''$13.333/0.94 -}  1988''$13.333/0.94 4  1989''$13.133/0.96   1990''$12.533/0.93 R  1991''$12.633/0.94  Y  1992''$12.433/0.92   1993''$12.433/0.90 w   1994''$12.133/0.90 .~!  1995''$12.033/0.87 5"  1996''$12.033/0.88 #  1997''$12.033/0.89 S$ h;#XX %&Xz;##XXXX*#XXXX&X %XX 1998''$12.033/0.88#XX %&XE##XXXXE#   Z% &X %XX  TABLE2 #XX %&XF#  F  &X %XXVARIETIESWITHTHELOWEST"TAR"YIELD#XX %&XG#  ` G* ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,Fdd , dd ,wdd ,wdd ,dd ,9dd ,dd , dd ,Xdd ,dd +  #  ` HH# B6 XXBrandName 1'!X  1 Description 9/$X  9Tar <2!X   <Nic B8'X   BCO KA2X   HH   HHKCarlton -#!T   -King -#!T   -F -#!T  -HP -#!T  -UltraLt -#!T  - -#!T  - 3)!T  3<0.5 9/'T  9<0.05 9/'T  9<0.5 KA2T  HH   HHKNow -#!P  -100 -#!P  -F -#!P  -HP -#!P  - -#!P  - -#!P  - 3)!P  3<0.5 9/'P  9<0.05 9/'P  9<0.5 KA2P  HH   HHKNow -#!L   -King -#!L ! -F -#!L " -HP -#!L # - -#!L $ - -#!L % - 3)!L & 3<0.5 9/'L ' 9<0.05 9/'L ( 9<0.5 KA2L ) HH   HHKCarlton* -#!H * -King -#!H + -F -#!H , -SP -#!H - -Ultra -#!H . - -#!H / - 3)!H 0 3<0.5 ^T'H 1 ?0.10000?^0.1 ^TLH 2 ?0.10000 ? ^<0.5 KA2H 3 HH   HHKCarlton -#!D 4 -100 -#!D 5 -F -#!D 6 -HP -#!D 7 -Lt -#!D 8 -Menthol -#!D 9 - 3)!D : 3<0.5 ^T'D ; ?0.10000?^0.1 yLD < ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?1 pfWD = ?1.00000 HH  ? HHpNext* -#!@ > -King -#!@ ? -F -#!@ @ -HP -#!@ A - -#!@ B - -#!@ C -Charcoal RH!@ D ?1.00000?R1 wmF@ E ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 RHF@ F ?0.10000 ? RNA#XX B6wI#B6 XX E;,@ G HH   HHECambridge -#!< H -King -#!< I -F -#!< J -SP -#!< K -Lowest -#!< L - -#!< M - RH!< N ?1.00000?R1 wmF< O ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 wmF< P ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?w1 j`Q< Q ?1.00000 HH  ? HHjCarlton -#!8 R -King -#!8 S -F -#!8 T -SP -#!8 U -Lt -#!8 V -Menthol -#!8 W - XN!8 X ?1.00000?X1 yL8 Y ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?0.1 yL8 Z ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?1 pfW8 [ ?1.00000 HH  ? HHpCarlton -#!4\ -100 -#!4] -F -#!4^ -HP -#!4_ -Lt -#!4` - -#!4a - XN!4b ?1.00000?X1 yL4c ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?0.1 yL4d ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?1 pfW4e ?1.00000 HH  ? HHpCarlton -#!0f -King -#!0g -F -#!0h -HP -#!0i - -#!0j - -#!0k - XN!0l ?1.00000?X1 yL0m ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?0.1 yL0n ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?1 pfW0o ?1.00000 HH  ? HHpCarlton -#!,|p -King -#!,|q -F -#!,|r -SP -#!,|s -Lt -#!,|t - -#!,|u - XN!,|v ?1.00000?X1 yL,|w ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?0.1 yL,|x ?0.10000 ? ?1.00000?1 pfW,|y ?1.00000 HH  ? HHpBristol -#!(xz -King -#!(x{ -F -#!(x| -SP -#!(x} -Lowest -#!(x~ - -#!(x - RH!(x ?1.00000?R1 wmF(x ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 wmF(x ?0.10000 ? @2.00000@w2 j`Q(x @2.00000 HH  @ HHjMerit -#!$t -King -#!$t -F -#!$t -HP -#!$t -Ultima -#!$t - -#!$t - RH!$t ?1.00000?R1 wmF$t ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 wmF$t ?0.10000 ? @2.00000@w2 j`Q$t @2.00000 HH  @ HHjNow -#! p -King -#! p -F -#! p -SP -#! p - -#! p -Menthol -#! p - RH! p ?1.00000?R1 wmF p ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 wmF p ?0.10000 ? @2.00000@w2 j`Q p @2.00000 HH  @ HHjMerit -#!l -King -#!l -F -#!l -SP -#!l -Ultima -#!l - -#!l - RH!l ?1.00000?R1 wmFl ?1.00000 ? ?0.10000?w0.1 wmFl ?0.10000 ? @3.00000@w3 j`Ql @3.00000 HH  @ HHjCarlton -#!h -100 -#!h -F -#!h -SP -#!h -Lt -#!h - -#!h - XN!h ?1.00000?X1 yLh ?1.00000 ? ?0.20000?0.2 yLh ?0.20000 ? @2.00000@2 pfWh @2.00000 HH  @ HHpNow -#!d -King -#!d -F -#!d -SP -#!d - -#!d - -#!d - RH!d ?1.00000?R1 wmFd ?1.00000 ? ?0.20000?w0.2 wmFd ?0.20000 ? @2.00000@w2aWUd @2.00000 HH   @ a#XX B6X#&X %XXNOTE: FFilter,HPHardPack,SPSoftPack,LtLight T &X % %&X#XX %&Xx# *indicatesbrandtestedbythemanufacturerratherthanbyTITL.#XXXX@y#&X %XX   #XX %&Xy# &X %XX  TABLE3 #XX %&XMz#  lz  &X %XXVARIETIESWITHTHEHIGHEST"TAR"YIELD#XX %&Xz#&X %XX  ` z#XX %&XC{#*d dFdd F dd wdd wwdd wdd 9dd 9dd  dd Xdd Xdd  (#(#,Fdd , dd ,wdd ,wdd ,dd ,9dd ,dd , dd ,Xdd ,dd +  #  ` HH#B6 XX BrandName 1'!X  1 Description 9/$X  9Tar <2!X   <Nic B8'X   BCO KA2X   HH   HHKCommander -#!T   -King -#!T   -NF -#!T  -SP -#!T  - -#!T  - -#!T  - SI!T  ;@27.00000;@S27 xnGT  ;@27.00000 ;@ 333333?1.70000333333?x1.7 xnFT  333333?1.70000 333333? 1@17.000001@x17 kaRT  1@17.00000 HH  1@ HHkBasic -#!P  -King -#!P  -NF -#!P  -SP -#!P  - -#!P  - -#!P  - SI!P  ;@27.00000;@S27 xnGP  ;@27.00000 ;@ 333333?1.70000333333?x1.7 xnFP  333333?1.70000 333333? 0@16.000000@x16 kaRP  0@16.00000 HH  0@ HHkBristol -#!L   -King -#!L ! -NF -#!L " -SP -#!L # - -#!L $ - -#!L % - SI!L & ;@27.00000;@S27 xnGL ' ;@27.00000 ;@ 333333?1.70000333333?x1.7 xnFL ( 333333?1.70000 333333? 0@16.000000@x16 kaRL ) 0@16.00000 HH  0@ HHkEnglishOvals -#!H * -King -#!H + -NF -#!H , -HP -#!H - - -#!H . - -#!H / - SI!H 0 :@26.00000:@S26 xnGH 1 :@26.00000 :@ @2.00000@x2.0 xnFH 2 @2.00000 @ .@15.00000.@x15 kaRH 3 .@15.00000 HH  .@ HHkOldGold -#!D 4 -King -#!D 5 -NF -#!D 6 -SP -#!D 7 -Straight -#!D 8 - -#!D 9 - SI!D : :@26.00000:@S26 xnGD ; :@26.00000 :@ ?1.80000?x1.8 xnFD < ?1.80000 ? 2@18.000002@x18 kaRD = 2@18.00000 HH  2@ HHkAllAmericanValue* -#!@ > -King -#!@ ? -NF -#!@ @ -SP -#!@ A - -#!@ B - -#!@ C - SI!@ D 9@25.000009@S25 xnG@ E 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF@ F ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,@ G HH   HHEBestBuy* -#!< H -King -#!< I -NF -#!< J -SP -#!< K - -#!< L - -#!< M -Generic SI!< N 9@25.000009@S25 xnG< O 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF< P ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,< Q HH   HHEBronson* -#!8 R -King -#!8 S -NF -#!8 T -SP -#!8 U - -#!8 V - -#!8 W -Generic SI!8 X 9@25.000009@S25 xnG8 Y 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF8 Z ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,8 [ HH   HHEGenco* -#!4\ -King -#!4] -NF -#!4^ -SP -#!4_ - -#!4` - -#!4a -Generic SI!4b 9@25.000009@S25 xnG4c 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF4d ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,4e HH   HHEGenerals* -#!0f -King -#!0g -NF -#!0h -SP -#!0i - -#!0j - -#!0k -Generic SI!0l 9@25.000009@S25 xnG0m 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF0n ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,0o HH   HHEGridlock* -#!,|p -King -#!,|q -NF -#!,|r -SP -#!,|s - -#!,|t - -#!,|u -Generic SI!,|v 9@25.000009@S25 xnG,|w 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF,|x ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,,|y HH   HHEPremiumBuy* -#!(xz -King -#!(x{ -NF -#!(x| -SP -#!(x} - -#!(x~ - -#!(x -Generic SI!(x 9@25.000009@S25 xnG(x 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF(x ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,(x HH   HHEShenandoah* -#!$t -King -#!$t -NF -#!$t -SP -#!$t - -#!$t - -#!$t -Generic SI!$t 9@25.000009@S25 xnG$t 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF$t ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,$t HH   HHEShield* -#! p -King -#! p -NF -#! p -SP -#! p - -#! p - -#! p -Generic SI! p 9@25.000009@S25 xnG p 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF p ?1.80000 ? RNA E;, p HH   HHETopChoice* -#!l -King -#!l -NF -#!l -SP -#!l - -#!l - -#!l -Generic SI!l 9@25.000009@S25 xnGl 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHFl ?1.80000 ? RNA E;,l HH   HHECamel -#!h -Reg -#!h -NF -#!h -SP -#!h - -#!h - -#!h - SI!h 9@25.000009@S25 xnGh 9@25.00000 9@ 333333?1.70000333333?x1.7 xnFh 333333?1.70000 333333? 1@17.000001@x17 kaRh 1@17.00000 HH  1@ HHkPyramid -#!d -King -#!d -NF -#!d -SP -#!d -FF -#!d - -#!d - SI!d 9@25.000009@S25 xnGd 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.50000?x1.5 xnFd ?1.50000 ? 2@18.000002@x18 kaRd 2@18.00000 HH  2@ HHkHerbertTareyton -#!` -King -#!` -NF -#!` -SP -#!` - -#!` - -#!` - SI!` 9@25.000009@S25 xnG` 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.50000?x1.5 xnF` ?1.50000 ? 1@17.000001@x17 kaR` 1@17.00000 HH  1@ HHkPallMall -#! \ -King -#! \ -NF -#! \ -SP -#! \ - -#! \ - -#! \ - SI! \ 8@24.000008@S24 xnG \ 8@24.00000 8@ ?1.60000?x1.6 xnF \ ?1.60000 ? 0@16.000000@x16 kaR \ 0@16.00000 HH  0@ HHkPallMall* -#!X -Reg -#!X -NF -#!X -SP -#!X - -#!X - -#!X - SI!X 8@24.000008@S24 xnGX 8@24.00000 8@ ?1.60000?x1.6 xnFX ?1.60000 ? 0@16.000000@x16 kaRX 0@16.00000 HH  0@ HHkLuckyStrike -#!T -Reg -#!T -NF -#!T -SP -#!T - -#!T - -#!T - SI!T 8@24.000008@S24 xnGT 8@24.00000 8@ ?1.50000?x1.5 xnFT ?1.50000 ? 1@17.000001@x17 kaRT 1@17.00000 HH  1@ HHkChesterfield -#! P -King -#! P -NF -#! P -SP -#! P -FF -#! P - -#! P - SI! P 8@24.000008@S24 xnG P 8@24.00000 8@ ffffff?1.40000ffffff?x1.4 xnF P ffffff?1.40000 ffffff? 1@17.000001@x17bXV P 1@17.00000 HH   1@ b#XX B6~#kXX#XXk-#&X %XXNOTE: NFNonFilter,HPHardPack,SPSoftPack,FFFullFlavor#XX %&Xp#  z!  8XXdXXd8B6 XX*d dFdd F dd wdd wwdd wdd 9dd 9dd  dd Xdd Xdd (#(#,Fdd , dd ,wdd ,wdd ,dd ,9dd ,dd , dd ,Xdd ,dd +  # d HH# BrandName 1'!H 1 Description 9/$H 9Tar <2!H <Nic B8'H BCO KA2H HH   HHKAccord* -#!D -Reg -#!D -F -#!D -HP -#!D  -UltraLt -#!D  - -#!D  - RH!D  @2.00000@R2 wmFD  @2.00000 @ ?0.10000?w0.1 RHFD ?0.10000 ? RNA#XX B6a#B6 XX E;,D HH   HHEAccord* -#!@ -Reg -#!@ -F -#!@ -HP -#!@ -UltraLt -#!@ -Menthol -#!@ - RH!@ @2.00000@R2 wmF@ @2.00000 @ ?0.10000?w0.1 RHF@ ?0.10000 ? RNA#XX B6#B6 XX E;,@ HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! < -100 -#! < -F -#! < -SP -#! < -FF -#! < - -#! < - SI! <  0@16.000000@S16 xnG <! 0@16.00000 0@ ?1.00000?x1.0 RHF <" ?1.00000 ? RNA E;, <# HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! 8$ -100 -#! 8% -F -#! 8& -SP -#! 8' -Lt -#! 8( - -#! 8) - SI! 8* &@11.00000&@S11 xnG 8+ &@11.00000 &@ ?0.80000?x0.8 RHF 8, ?0.80000 ? RNA E;, 8- HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! 4. -100 -#! 4/ -F -#! 40 -SP -#! 41 -Lt -#! 42 -Menthol -#! 43 - SI! 44 &@11.00000&@S11 xnG 45 &@11.00000 &@ ?0.80000?x0.8 RHF 46 ?0.80000 ? RNA E;, 47 HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! 08 -100 -#! 09 -F -#! 0: -SP -#! 0; -UltraLt -#! 0< - -#! 0= - RH! 0> @6.00000@R6 wmF 0? @6.00000 @ ?0.50000?w0.5 RHF 0@ ?0.50000 ? RNA E;, 0A HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! ,B -King -#! ,C -F -#! ,D -SP -#! ,E -FF -#! ,F - -#! ,G - SI! ,H .@15.00000.@S15 xnG ,I .@15.00000 .@ ?0.90000?x0.9 RHF ,J ?0.90000 ? RNA E;, ,K HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#!(L -King -#!(M -F -#!(N -SP -#!(O -Lt -#!(P - -#!(Q - SI!(R &@11.00000&@S11 xnG(S &@11.00000 &@ ffffff?0.70000ffffff?x0.7 RHF(T ffffff?0.70000 ffffff? RNA E;,(U HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#!$ V -King -#!$ W -F -#!$ X -SP -#!$ Y -Lt -#!$ Z -Menthol -#!$ [ - SI!$ \ &@11.00000&@S11 xnG$ ] &@11.00000 &@ ffffff?0.70000ffffff?x0.7 RHF$ ^ ffffff?0.70000 ffffff? RNA E;,$ _ HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! ` -King -#! a -F -#! b -SP -#! c -UltraLt -#! d - -#! e - RH! f @6.00000@R6 wmF g @6.00000 @ ?0.50000?w0.5 RHF h ?0.50000 ? RNA#XX B6{#B6 XX E;, i HH   HHEAllAmericanValue* -#! j -King -#! k -NF -#! l -SP -#! m - -#! n - -#! o - SI! p 9@25.000009@S25 xnG q 9@25.00000 9@ ?1.80000?x1.8 RHF r ?1.80000 ? RNA E;, s HH   HHEAlpine -#!| t -100 -#!| u -F -#!| v -SP -#!| w - -#!| x -Menthol -#!| y - SI!| z 0@16.000000@S16 xnG| { 0@16.00000 0@ ?1.10000?x1.1 xnF| | ?1.10000 ? .@15.00000.@x15 kaR| } .@15.00000 HH  .@ HHkAlpine -#!x ~ -100 -#!x  -F -#!x  -SP -#!x  -Lt -#!x  -Menthol -#!x  - SI!x  $@10.00000$@S10 xnGx  $@10.00000 $@ ?0.80000?x0.8 xnFx  ?0.80000 ? (@12.00000(@x12 kaRx  (@12.00000 HH  (@ HHkAlpine -#!t -King -#!t -F -#!t -HP -#!t - -#!t -Menthol -#!t - SI!t 0@16.000000@S16 xnGt 0@16.00000 0@ ?1.10000?x1.1 xnFt ?1.10000 ? .@15.00000.@x15 kaRt .@15.00000 HH  .@ HHkAlpine -#!p  -King -#!p  -F -#!p  -HP -#!p  -Lt -#!p  -Menthol -#!p  - SI!p  $@10.00000$@S10 xnGp  $@10.00000 $@ ffffff?0.70000ffffff?x0.7 xnFp  ffffff?0.70000 ffffff? &@11.00000&@x11 kaRp  &@11.00000 HH  &@ HHkAlpine -#!l -King -#!l -F -#!l -SP -#!l - -#!l -Menthol -#!l - SI!l 0@16.000000@S16 xnGl 0@16.00000 0@ ?1.00000?x1.0 xnFl ?1.00000 ? 0@16.000000@x16 kaRl 0@16.00000 HH  0@ HHkAlpine -#!h -King -#!h -F -#!h -SP -#!h -Lt -#!h -Menthol -#!h - RH!h "@9.00000"@R9 wmFh "@9.00000 "@ ffffff?0.70000ffffff?w0.7 xnFh ffffff?0.70000 ffffff? $@10.00000$@x10 kaRh $@10.00000 HH  $@ HHkAmerican -#!d -100 -#!d -F -#!d -SP -#!d -FF -#!d - -#!d - SI!d ,@14.00000,@S14 xnGd ,@14.00000 ,@ ?0.9