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D ~ 8"<@  @È ~ " 0   ~    y?8<~ "x>`> "x@?>` xp? ~  @ ~ x 0@p p C ~ p@ ~ `@  ~  $   ~   >8 p ~   @p ~  @ 8` ~ @   ~ 8 @@   ~   0x ~  |H~ @ ~   ~  a1@ x x?8~   D~??8~ `h8x~?x~  @~p@A|8 ?|?xp8~ `x@  xp x@p @x8x`pp`x0x8~B  x << ` |9D8CCE.A590008A59FPQQpY"CQ//HJ=Alys CohentDavid Goldston -Reply -Reply aPPRIESMANWOg#/p/s%_fvMail#L-CR_5CR_}9A;<jkHQnSAT4rACOHENm6 o341D8DF3.E20cT341D8B22341D8B22.E2000120E20341D8CCE341D8CCE.A590008A59F341D8DF3341D8DF3.E2000120E20D%PQYH,/"CR_/P5tPL#"tHCO5tHCOL#"tHCO5tHCOLl(ys CohenHQ.SAT4(LFAIR)$L#=avt/U"454@Y/ Zxpg@,vU!XBM4M4Bd6M4M4"d L4 u$<F<92#t!&<QQyOPQ } LZg\t(/ȵF:x=ɵ yS=A1Ѱ}``,%N8|w$] [ 0"9x$0ԓ V5O[d8ዟⱺ]-qZӈ@fH>BM0/Q?zfIDgп̳~T*6kV|y`:2.%m#9F fw7䉏KLyN^ "ЩNnO(%cL6B)5jGJ!ʛ݇2&RIk-x5'zFk(/*VtLOY[L,' !OWiGq)j6FXZáM3No\ > |,p2833344 6d4t4nv^$"""# +X1110L#A<Arial Rounded MT Bold Bold  $ Ӏ  1    _  ThisreportisthemostrecentinaseriesthattheFederalTradeCommission(FTC)has  preparedsince1967.'.'3|xU&d9 Z6Times New Roman Regular($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#23  0h(#h(#TABLE AMIL I&mage <=8CTABLE B(h30$ !   `     # dTABLE A N 0'   _ 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#"Tar,"Nicotine&CarbonMonoxideReporti: XX  (#(#(# @  Page   1  #XX i:# v $ Ӏ  2    _  Whenthetestmethodwasadopted,thepublichealthcommunitybelievedthat"[t]he  preponderanceofscientificevidencestronglysuggeststhatthelowerthe"tar"andnicotinecontentofcigarettesmoke,thelessharmfulwouldbetheeffect."U.S._Dep't_ԀofHealthandHumanServices,The  HealthConsequencesofSmoking:TheChangingCigarette1(1981)(quoting1966PublicHealth  Servicestatement).\ `$Times NewRoman  $ Ӏ  6    _  OXXXInearly1999,theTobaccoInstitutewasdisbandedpursuanttothemultistatetobacco  settlement.TheTobaccoInstituteTestingLaboratory'sfacilitieshavecontinuedoperationunderthenameTobaccoIndustryTestingLaboratory.#XXXO# r $ Ӏ  7    _  TheCommissiondecidedinearly1987tocloseitslaboratory.TheCommissionfoundthat  closingthelaboratorywasnecessaryforseveralreasons:chiefly,thecostofthelaboratorywassignificant,andtheCommissionwouldhavehadtocommitsignificantadditionalfundstocontinuetheprogram.TheCommissionwasalsopersuadedthattheinformationcouldbeobtainedfromothersources,andothermeanswereavailabletoverifytheaccuracyofindustrytestingresults.  $ Ӏ  9    _  The_Commision_'s1980announcement,45Fed.Reg.46,483(1980),adoptedanewtesting  methodologytodeterminecigarettes'carbonmonoxide(CO)yields,and_modifed_Ԁtheexistingspecificationsfordeterminingnicotineyields:  1.0 ` DetermineCOconcentrationusinga20portsmokingmachinedescribedbyH.C.  PillsburyandG._Merfeld_Ԁatthe32ndTobaccoChemistsResearchConference,October1978; ` (#` (#   2.0 ` TheconcentrationofCOwillbereportedasmilligramspercigarette; ` (#` (#   3.0 ` Thepresentmethodfor"tar"andnicotinedeterminationwillbemodifiedtousethe t  methoddescribedinanarticleentitled,"GasChromatographicDeterminationofNicotineContainedonCambridgeFilterPads,"byJohnR.Wagner,etal.,aspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAssociationofOfficialAnalyticalChemists,October1978. $ Ӏ  10    _  SeveralissuesshouldbenotedwithregardtothecollectionandtabulationofthedatainTable  1.First,theunderlying"tar"andnicotineratingswereobtainedusingsmokingmachineparameters(pufffrequency,puffvolume,etc.)thathavenotchangedsincetheywerefirstadoptedin1967.Althoughthisconsistencyallowsforcomparisonofthedataovertime,italsomeansthatthetesthasnotbeenmodifiedtoreflectpossiblechangesinthewaypeoplesmoke.Forexample,researchindicatesthatsmokersoflowerratedcigarettesmaytendtosmokethemmoreintensivelythantheysmokecigaretteswithhigherratings.Thus,whileTable1suggestsadeclineinaverage"tar"andnicotineyieldsofcigarettes,thismightnotcorrespondtoasimilarreductionin"tar"andnicotineingestionbysmokers.  Second,thesourceofthedatainTable1haschangedovertime.From1967through1985,theCommission'slaboratoryprovidedpracticallyallofthe"tar"andnicotineratingsreportedbytheCommission.Asnotedsupra,theCommissiondecidedin1987tocloseitscigarettetestinglaboratory. n  ЀSincethen,the_TITL_Ԁhascontinuedtotestmostbrandedcigarettes;thecompaniesreporttheresultstotheCommissionpursuanttocompulsoryprocessandtheCommissionpublishestheresults.Thecompaniestesttheirowngenericandprivatelabelcigaretteswhichtodayrepresentasignificantpartoftheoverallcigarettemarketbrandsnotwidelyavailable,andnewbrands.WhilethecompaniesarerequiredtofollowtheFTCmethodfortestingtheircigarettes,staffdoesnotdirectlymonitorthecompanytests(asitdoesthe_TITL_Ԁtests).  Third,althoughtheCommissiondidnotpublish"tar"andnicotinereportsduringsomeoftheyearscoveredbyTable1,reliabledataforthoseyearsarestillavailable.Beginningwithcigarettessoldincalendaryear1985,theCommissionrequiredthemajorcigarettecompaniestoreportannuallythe"tar",nicotine,andcarbonmonoxideratingsofallcigarettestheysoldintheUnitedStates.Thesedata ,|  wereincorporatedasneededintothedatabasethatwasusedtocomputethesalesweighted"tar"andnicotinefiguresinTable1.  Finally,whentheFTCcreateditscomputerizeddatabasefor"tar"andnicotinefiguresin1982,variousproblemsresultedinmissingobservationsforbetweenfourandeightpercentofthedatafortheyears1982through1984.Althoughthesemissingobservationsdonotappeartogeneratesystemicbiasesinthedata,theysuggestthatthedatainTable1maybemoreusefulforgauginglongtermtrendsthanforevaluatingchangesoververyshorttimespans. } $ Ӏ  3    _  SmokingandTobaccoControlMonograph8:ChangesinCigaretteRelatedDiseaseRisk   andTheirImplicationsforPreventionandControl,NationalInstitutesofHealth,NationalCancer  Institute(1997).  $ Ӏ  4    _  SeeThun,M.J.,etal.,"CigaretteSmokingandChangesintheHistopathologyofLung  _Cancer,"_Ԁ89J.ofthe_Nat'l_ԀCancerInst.1580(1997);Ernster,V.L.,"TheEpidemiologyofLung  Cancerin_Women,"_Ԁ4AnnalsofEpidemiology102(1994);Levi,F.S.,etal.,"LungCarcinoma  TrendsbyHistologicTypeinVaudandNeuchatel,Switzerland,1974_Ԅ1994,"_Ԁ79Cancer906(1997). & $ Ӏ  5    _  Amongotherthings,HHS'sreviewisdesignedtoreconcilethefindingsofrecentstudies  suggestingthatcigaretteswithlower"tar"ratingsmaynotbelessharmfulwiththefindingsofotherstudiessuggestingthattheremaybesomeriskreductionfromtheuseoflower"tar"cigarettes.See  Parish,H.,etal.,"Cigarettesmoking,taryields,andnonfatalmyocardialinfarction:14,000casesand32,000controlsintheUK,"311Brit.Med.J.,471(1995);Tang,J.,etal.,"Mortalityinrelationtotar  yieldofcigarettes:aprospectivestudyoffourcohorts,"311Brit.Med.J.1530(1995).(<K$2C.  0  3  0  @EBCD!VhAowContractContract Outline StyleC.1(a)(1)(i)(A)(a)(b$0  0` (#(#2   .3  0 ` (#` (#(*u**$*,XX hXX*0  0` (#(#4 4  2(   )3  0 ` (#` (#*,XX hXX*($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2(  a  )3  0h(#(#(`;$0  2(  a  )3  0` (#(#(h30$ !   `     'dxd'dxd( $ Figure  1  Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5  $ Ӏ  8    _  OnApril13,1983,theCommissionannouncedithaddeterminedthatitstestingmethodology  understatedthemeasureddeliveriesforBrown&Williamson'sBarclaycigarettes.Therefore,BarclaycigaretteswereremovedfromtheCommission'sreportsfor"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxideuntilanew,accuratemethodologycouldbetestedandadopted.TheCommissionfoundthattherewasalsoasignificantlikelihoodthatthesameproblemexistedwithtwootherBrown&Williamsonvarieties_Kool_ԀUltraand_Kool_ԀUltra100's.  OnJuly25,1986,theCommissioninformedBrown&WilliamsonthatasaresultofareviewofdatapresentedbyBrown&Williamsonregarding"tar"andnicotineratingfortwovarietiesofBarclaycigaretteswithanewfilter,theCommissionwouldauthorize,undercertainconditions,thefollowinglegendsforadvertisingpurposes:  1.0 ` ForBarclayKingsize:h ` (#` (# 0  0` (#(#3mg."tar,".2mg.nicotineavg.percigaretteasauthorizedbyFTC. ` (#` (#   2. ` ForBarclay100's: V    ` 5mg."tar,".4mg.nicotineavg.percigaretteasauthorizedbyFTC.>c$"Small Circle"0  d(dpppp'dxd dP Pdqq' dxdtttt'dxd&0 d dvvvv'dxd&P d dxxxx'dxd  dqqqq'dxd{{{{'dxd d($    (y!2$ !   `     Ӏ  0   !   `     _5J5g 3#` p0 `N^EkN^N^kN^g (#(#         (#(# XXXX !X X  FederalTradeCommission J @*# XX !Q# cX X@O O "TAR,"NICOTINE,ANDCARBONMONOXIDE F @] ] OFTHESMOKEOF1252VARIETIES@, , OFDOMESTICCIGARETTES@"FORTHEYEAR1997   @  @`  @  @  @h  @  @  @p  @  @  Issued1999#km c2##XXkm#  +'! 55 8XXdd8      Reportof"Tar,"Nicotine,andCarbonMonoxideofthe  Smokeof1252VarietiesofDomesticCigarettesFortheYear1997 Z-^X,XX-  Thisreportcontainsdataonthe"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxideyieldsof1252varietiesofcigarettesmanufacturedandsoldintheUnitedStatesin1997.    1        Y LimitationsoftheCigaretteTestMethod  G    Cigaretteratingsfor"tar,"nicotineandcarbonmonoxidearecurrentlydeterminedbymachinetestingconductedinaccordancewithamethodologyadoptedbytheCommissionin1967.The"tar"andnicotinetestingprogramwasintendedtoprovidesmokersseekingtoswitchtolower"tar"cigaretteswithasingle,standardizedmeasurementwithwhichtochooseamongthethenexistingbrands._   2      _     Overthepast30yearsthatthecurrentsystemhasbeeninplace,therehavebeendramaticdecreasesinthemachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineyieldsofcigarettes.Since1968,theaveragesalesweightedmachinemeasured"tar"yieldhasfallenfrom21.6mg.to12.0mg.Today,70%ofallcigarettessoldhavemachinemeasured"tar"yieldsof15mg.orless.  Despitethesesubstantialdecreasesinmachinemeasuredyields,theCommissionhasbeenconcernedforsometimethatthecurrenttestmethodmaybemisleadingtoindividualconsumerswho s#! relyontheratingsitproducesasindicatorsofhowmuch"tar"andnicotinetheyactuallygetfromtheircigarettes.Infact,thecurrentratingstendtoberelativelypoorpredictorsof"tar"andnicotineexposure.Thisappearstobedueprimarilytocompensationthetendencyofsmokersoflowerratedcigarettestotakebiggerormorefrequentpuffs,orotherwisealtertheirsmokingbehaviortogettheamountofnicotinetheyneed.Suchvariationsinthewaypeoplesmokecanhavesignificanteffectsontheamountof"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxidetheygetfromanyparticularcigarette.TheCommissionisconcernedthatsmokersmayincorrectlybelieve,forexample,thattheywillgetthreetimesasmuch"tar"froma15mg."tar"cigaretteasfroma5mg."tar"cigarette.Infact,ifcompensationissufficientlygreat,itispossibleforsmokerstogetasmuch"tar"andnicotinefromrelativelylowratedcigarettesasfromhigherratedones.Althoughtheselimitationshavebeenpresentinthesystemsinceitsinitiationin1967,theyhavebecomeofsubstantialconcernmorerecentlybecauseofchangesinmoderncigarettedesignandabetterunderstandingoftheeffectsofcompensatorysmokingbehavior.  Somepublichealthagencieshavealsoexpressedconcernsthatnewstudiesmayquestionthebasicassumptionunderlyingcigarettetestingthatcigaretteswithlowermachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineratingsarelessharmfulthanoneswithhigherratings.Forexample,in1997,theNationalCancerInstituteissuedamonographnotingthattheapparentmortalityriskamongcurrentsmokershasriseninthelastfortytofiftyyears,eventhoughmachinemeasured"tar"andnicotineyieldshavefallenduringthesameperiod.'   3      ׀Inattemptingtounderstandthisfact,themonographsuggestedthatthe '(#$ increasedmortalityriskmightbeduetoincreasesincurrentsmokers'lifetimeexposuretocigarettesmokeorthatthereduced"tar"levelsofmoderncigarettesmayhavelessbenefitthanpreviouslybelieved.Inaddition,anumberofstudieshavealsofoundthatchangesinsmokingbehaviorandcigarettedesignappeartohaveresultedinanincreaseinatypeofcancerthatoccursdeeperinthelungthanthelungcancertraditionallyassociatedwithsmoking.(~   4           Inlightoftheseconcerns,in1998theCommissionrequestedthattheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices("HHS")conductacompletereviewoftheFTC'scigarettetestingmethodology.).    5      ׀This h  reviewwillbecompletedinSeptember2000.  Whilethatreviewisunderway,theCommissionbelievesthatallsmokersshouldknowthefollowingfacts:Sc    Sc"0    "Tar"andnicotineratingswereneverintendedtoreflectwhatanyindividualconsumerwould 8 getfromanyparticularcigarette;Sc݌ (#(#    ,| 0  Sc  Sc="0(#(#  Howmuch"tar"andnicotineanindividualgetsfromacigarettedependsonhowheorshe  smokesit!smokersofcigarettebrandswithlower"tar"andnicotineratingswhotakelargerormorefrequentpuffsmaygetasmuch"tar"andnicotineassmokersofhigherratedbrands;Sc=X݌ (#(#   0  Sc  Sc "0(#(#  Manycigaretteshaveventilationholesthat,whenblocked,substantiallyincreaseexposureto  theharmfulconstituentsinsmoke;Sc %݌ (#(# Ќ  0  Sc  Sc7"0(#(#  Thereisnosuchthingasasafesmoke,nomatterwhatthe"tar"andnicotineratingsare;andSc7R݌ (#(# Ќ  0  Sc  Sc6"0(#(#  Peoplewhoareconcernedaboutthehealtheffectsofsmokingshouldquit.XXXXSc6Q݌z  (#(# Ќ  #XXXX#  TheCommissionalsobelievesitisvitalthattherebeamechanismforimplementingthe h  recommendedchangesoncetheHHSreviewiscompleted.AlthoughtheCommissionbringsastrong,marketbasedexpertisetoitsscrutinyofconsumerprotectionmatters,itdoesnothavethespecializedscientificexpertiseneededtodesignscientifictestprocedures.Indeed,whenevaluatingmedicalorotherscientificissues,theCommissionoftenreliesonothergovernmentagenciesandoutsideexpertswithmoreknowledgeintherelevantareas.Therefore,initsJuly1999"ReporttoCongressfor1997,PursuanttotheCigaretteLabelingandAdvertisingAct,"theCommissionrecommendedthatCongressconsidergivingauthorityovercigarettetestingtooneoftheFederalgovernment'ssciencebased,publichealthagencies.TheSourceoftheDatainThisReport! "F    TheFTCobtainedthetestresultspublishedinthisreportfromthefivelargestcigarettemanufacturersintheUnitedStates.Thesecompaniesare:Brown&WilliamsonTobaccoCorporation;_Liggett_ԀGroup,Inc.;_Lorillard_,Inc.;PhilipMorris,Inc.;andR.J.ReynoldsTobaccoCompany,Inc. *&(   TheTobaccoInstituteTestingLaboratory(_TITL_),aprivatelaboratoryoperatedbythecigaretteindustry,conductedmuchofthe"tar,"nicotine,andcarbonmonoxidetestingforthesevarieties.    6      ׀The  Commissioncollectedtheresultsofthe_TITL_Ԁtestingdirectlyfromtheindividualcompaniesundercompulsoryprocess.Generic,privatelabel,andotherbrandsnotwidelyavailablewerenottestedby_TITL_.TheCommissionobtainedtheinformationontheseotherbrandsdirectlyfromthemanufacturers,pursuanttocompulsoryprocess.Resultsofsuchnon_TITL_Ԁtestingareindicatedbyasterisks.Themethodology,processes,andproceduresthatthefivecigarettecompaniesand_TITL_employareidenticaltothosetheCommission,initsowntestinglab,hadfollowedinthepast.#~   7      ׀Harold \  Pillsbury,theformerdirectoroftheFTClaboratoryandcurrentlyacontractortotheCommission,hadunrestrictedaccesstothe_TITL_Ԁlaboratorytoreview_TITL_'stestingmethodologyandprotocolsandtomonitortheactualtestingprocess._TITL_Ԁprovidedtheresultstotherespectivecigarettecompanies,whichthenprovided_TITL_'sdataregardingtheirownbrandstotheCommissioninresponsetocompulsoryprocess. !R ADescriptionoftheCigaretteTestMethodS*    ThecigarettesweretestedusingtheCambridgeMethod.TheCommissionapprovedthismethodology,andithasbeenthestandardforcigarettetestingsince1966.ThetestingwasconductedunderconditionsoriginallyprescribedbytheCommissionin1967,32Fed.Reg.11,187(1967),asmodifiedbytheCommission's1980adoptionofproceduresformeasuringcarbonmonoxideyields._N   8      _Ԁ   TheconditionsprescribedintheFTC's1967announcementwere:  1.8  Smokecigarettestoa23mm.buttlength,ortothelengthofthefilterandoverwrapplus h  3mm.ifinexcessof23mm.;      2.8  Baseresultsonatestof100cigarettesperbrand,ortype;V     3.8  Cigarettestobetestedwillbeselectedonarandombasis,asopposedto"weight J selection";      4.8  Determineparticulatematterona"dry"basisemployingthegaschromatography 8 methodpublishedbyC.H.SloanandB.J._Sublett_ԀinTobaccoScience9,page70, 2 1965,asmodifiedby_F.J._ԀSchultz'andA.W.Spears'reportpublishedinTobaccoVol.162,No.24,page32,datedJune17,1966,todeterminethemoisturecontent;      5.8  Determineandreportthe"tar"yieldaftersubtractingmoistureandalkaloids(as  nicotine)fromparticulatematter;      6.8  Report"tar"yieldtothenearestwholemilligramandnicotineyieldtothenearest1/10   milligram._%   9      _Ԁ    &-  _TITL_Ԁreported,andtheFTC'scontractorconfirmed,thatanindependentcompanyundercontractto_TITL_Ԁobtainedthetestedcigarettesamples.Underitscontract,thiscompanypurchasedtwopackagesofeveryvarietyofcigarettesin50geographicallocationsthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ifnotallvarietieswereavailableineverylocation,oneormoreadditionalpackagesofcigaretteswerepurchasedintheareaswheretherespectivevarietieswereavailable.CigarettesusedinthetestrepresentedcigarettessoldintheU.S.atthetimeofpurchasein1997.  "Tar"andcarbonmonoxideratingsareroundedtothenearestmilligram(mg.);thosewith0.5mg.orgreaterareroundedup,whilethosewith0.4mg.orlessareroundeddown.Thenicotinefiguresare &v roundedtothenearesttenthofamilligram.Thosewith0.05mg.orgreaterareroundedup;thosewith0.04mg.orlessareroundeddown.  Cigarettevarietieswithassayresultsfor"tar"orcarbonmonoxidebelow0.5mg.percigaretteandfornicotinebelow0.05mg.arerecordedinthetableas<0.5,and<0.05,respectively.Thetabledoesnotdifferentiate,norareactualratingsprovidedforthesecigarettes,becausethecurrentlyapprovedtestingmethodologyisnotsufficientlysensitivetoreportthesecomponentsatlowerlevels.  Table1ofthisreportdisplaystheaverage"tar"andnicotinevalues,calculatedonasalesweightedbasis,from1968through1997._&   10      _  \  . X^X,X*.&r %XX@\\' TABLE1  @  SALESWEIGHTED"TAR"ANDNICOTINEYIELDS@==&19681997  V    `  YEAR   h "TAR"(mg.)  NICOTINE(mg.)  i !  X!#XX %&r9#&r %XX 1968//$21.677/1.35  +  1969//$20.777/1.38    1970//$20.077/1.31 Y    1971//$20.277/1.32  h   1972//$19.977/1.39  '   1973//$19.377/1.32    1974//$18.477/1.24 U   1975//$18.677/1.21 d   1976//$18.177/1.16 #   1977//$16.877/1.12    1978//$16.177/1.11 Q   1979//$15.177/1.07 `  1980//$14.177/1.04   1981//$13.277/0.92   1982//$13.577/0.89 M  1983//$13.477/0.88  \  1984//$13.077/0.89   1985//$13.077/0.95   1986//$13.477/0.93 I  1987//$13.377/0.94 X  1988//$13.377/0.94   1989//$13.177/0.96   1990//$12.577/0.93 E  1991//$12.677/0.94 T  1992//$12.477/0.92   1993//$12.477/0.90    1994//$12.177/0.90 A!  1995//$12.077/0.87 P"  1996//$12.077/0.88 #  1997//$12.077/0.89 ~ $ ];#XX %&ro;#  =!% Ѐ     TABLE2   E   @ VARIETIESWITHTHELOWEST"TAR"YIELD   XXXXEi: XX*ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,dd ,9dd , dd ,dd ,dd ,9dd ,dd ,Xdd ,Xdd , dd +  $ $ t $`BrandName +!  +Description *    * '   ' '   'Tar '   'Nic '   'CO #   #Carlton  |  King  |  F  |  HP  |  UltraLt  |    |    |  <0.5  |  <0.05  |  <0.5  |  Now  p  King  p  F  p  HP  p    p    p    p  <0.5  p   <0.05  p ! <0.5  p " Now 6, d # Y@100Y@6100 6,*d $ Y@100 Y@ 6F  d % HP  d &   d '   d (   d ) <0.5  d * <0.05  d + <0.5  d , Carlton  X - King  X . F  X / SP  X 0 Lt  X 1   X 2   X 3 <0.5 5+ X 4  ?.1?5.1 TJ)X 5  ?.1 ?  ?1?T_1_ 4*(X 6  ?1 ? 4Cambridge  L 7 King  L 8 F  L 9 SP  L : Lowest  L ;   L <  4* L =  ?1?41 TJ(L >  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)L ?  ?.1 ?  ?1?T1 4*(L @  ?1 ? 4Carlton 6, @ A Y@100Y@6100 6,*@ B Y@100 Y@ 6F  @ C HP  @ D Lt  @ E Menthol  @ F  4* @ G  ?1?41 TJ(@ H  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)@ I  ?.1 ?  ?1?T1 4*(@ J  ?1 ? 4Carlton  4 K King  4 L F  4 M HP  4 N   4 O   4 P  4* 4 Q  ?1?41 TJ(4 R  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)4 S  ?.1 ?  ?1?T_1 4*(4 T  ?1 ? 4Carlton  (xU King  (xV F  (xW SP  (xX Lt  (xY Menthol  (xZ  4* (x[  ?1?41 TJ((x\  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)(x]  ?.1 ?  ?1?T1 4*((x^  ?1 ? 4Carlton 6, l_ Y@100Y@6100 6,*l` Y@100 Y@ 6F  la HP  lb Lt  lc   ld  4* le  ?1?41 TJ(lf  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)lg  ?.1 ?  ?1?T1 4*(lh  ?1 ? 4Bristol  `i King  `j F  `k SP  `l Lowest  `m   `n  4* `o  ?1?41 TJ(`p  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)`q  ?.1 ?  @2@T2 4*(`r  @2 @ 4Merit  Ts King  Tt F  Tu HP  Tv Ultima  Tw   Tx  4* Ty  ?1?41 TJ(Tz  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)T{  ?.1 ?  @2@T2 4*(T|  @2 @ 4Now  H} King  H~ F  H SP  H   H   H  4* H  ?1?41 TJ(H  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)H  ?.1 ?  @2@T2 4*(H  @2 @ 4Now  < King  < F  < SP  <   < Menthol  <  4* <  ?1?41 TJ(<  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)<  ?.1 ?  @2@T2 4*(<  @2 @ 4Merit  0 King  0 F  0 SP  0 Ultima  0   0  4* 0  ?1?41 TJ(0  ?1 ?  ?.1?T.1 TJ)0  ?.1 ?  @3@T3 4*(0  @3 @ 4Carlton 6, $ Y@100Y@6100 6,*$ Y@100 Y@ 6F  $ SP  $ Lt  $   $  4* $  ?1?41 TJ($  ?1 ?  ?.2?T.2 TJ)$  ?.2 ?  @2@T28.,$  @2  @ 8#XX i:sF#`#XXXXDF#NOTE: FFilter,HPHardPack,SPSoftPack,LtLightXXXX   `/a #XXXXa#  `TABLE3    @ VARIETIESWITHTHEHIGHEST"TAR"YIELD   XXXXb`$b*d ddd 9dd 9 dd dd dd 9dd 9dd Xdd XXdd X dd (#(#,dd ,9dd , dd ,dd ,dd ,9dd ,dd ,Xdd ,Xdd , dd +  i: XX $   $#XX i: e#i: XXBrandName +! l +Description *  l  * ' l  ' ' l  'Tar ' l  'Nic ' l  'CO # l  #Bristol   ` King   ` NF   ` SP   `    `    `  5+  `  ;@27;@527 VL) `  ;@27 ;@ 333333?1.7333333?V1.7 VL* ` 333333?1.7 333333?  0@160@V16 5+) `  0@16 0@ 5Commander   T King   T NF   T SP   T    T    T  5+  T  ;@27;@527 VL) T   ;@27 ;@ 333333?1.7333333?V1.7 VL* T! 333333?1.7 333333?  .@15.@V15 5+) T"  .@15 .@ 5Basic   H# King   H$ NF   H% SP   H&    H'    H(  5+  H)  :@26:@526 VL) H*  :@26 :@ 333333?1.7333333?V1.7 VL* H+ 333333?1.7 333333?  .@15.@V15 5+) H,  .@15 .@ 5EnglishOvals   < - King   < . NF   < / HP   < 0    < 1    < 2  5+  < 3  9@259@525 VL) < 4  9@25 9@ @2.0@V2.0 VL* < 5 @2.0 @  .@15.@V15 5+) < 6  .@15 .@ 5OldGold  0 7 King  0 8 NF  0 9 SP  0 : Straight  0 ;   0 <  5+ 0 =  9@259@525 VL)0 >  9@25 9@ ?1.8?V1.8 VL*0 ? ?1.8 ?  1@171@V17 5+)0 @  1@17 1@ 5Pyramid  $ A King  $ B NF  $ C SP  $ D FF  $ E   $ F  5+ $ G  9@259@525 VL)$ H  9@25 9@ ?1.5?V1.5 VL*$ I ?1.5 ?  2@182@V18 5+)$ J  2@18 2@ 5Camel   K Reg   L NF   M SP   N    O    P  5+  Q  8@248@524 VL) R  8@24 8@ 333333?1.7333333?V1.7 VL* S 333333?1.7 333333?  0@160@V16 5+) T  0@16 0@ 5AllAmericanValue*   U King   V NF   W SP   X    Y    Z  5+  [  8@248@524 VL) \  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,* ] ?1.6 ? 6NA   ^ BestBuy*  _ King  ` NF  a SP  b   c   d Generic 5+ e  8@248@524 VL)f  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*g ?1.6 ? 6NA  h _Bronson_*  i King  j NF  k SP  l   m   n Generic 5+ o  8@248@524 VL)p  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*q ?1.6 ? 6NA  r _Genco_*  s King  t NF  u SP  v   w   x Generic 5+ y  8@248@524 VL)z  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*{ ?1.6 ? 6NA  | Generals*  } King  ~ NF   SP         Generic 5+   8@248@524 VL)  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,* ?1.6 ? 6NA   Gridlock*   King   NF   SP         Generic 5+   8@248@524 VL)  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,* ?1.6 ? 6NA   PremiumBuy*  t King  t NF  t SP  t   t   t Generic 5+ t  8@248@524 VL)t  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*t ?1.6 ? 6NA  t _Shenandoah_*  h King  h NF  h SP  h   h   h Generic 5+ h  8@248@524 VL)h  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*h ?1.6 ? 6NA  h Shield*  \ King  \ NF  \ SP  \   \   \ Generic 5+ \  8@248@524 VL)\  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*\ ?1.6 ? 6NA  \ TopChoice*  P King  P NF  P SP  P   P   P Generic 5+ P  8@248@524 VL)P  8@24 8@ ?1.6?V1.6 6,*P ?1.6 ? 6NA#XX i:re#  P i: XXLuckyStrike  D Reg  D NF  D SP  D   D   D  5+ D  8@248@524 VL)D  8@24 8@ ?1.5?V1.5 VL*D ?1.5 ?  1@171@V17 5+)D  1@17 1@ 5Chesterfield  8 King  8 NF  8 SP  8 FF  8   8  5+ 8  8@248@524 VL)8  8@24 8@ ffffff?1.4ffffff?V1.4 VL*8 ffffff?1.4 ffffff?  1@171@V17#XX i:{# 5+)8  1@17 1@ 5i: XX_Tareyton_  ,| King  ,| NF  ,| SP  ,|   ,|   ,|  5+ ,|  8@248@524 VL),|  8@24 8@ ffffff?1.4ffffff?V1.4 VL*,| ffffff?1.4 ffffff?  0@160@V16#XX i:#9/-,|  0@16  0@ 9#XXXXb#`NOTE: NFNonFilter,HPHardPack,SPSoftPack,FFFullFlavor 6   *indicatesbrandtestedbythemanufacturerratherthanby_TITL_.  *"z _ 8XXdXXd8i: XX*d ddd 9dd 9 dd dd dd 9dd 9dd Xdd XXdd X dd (#(#,dd ,9dd , dd ,dd ,dd ,9dd ,dd ,Xdd ,Xdd , dd +  $ r $`BrandName :0!d :Description 9/$d 9 6,!d 6 6,!d 6Tar 6,!d 6Nic 6,!d 6CO 2(&d   2AllAmericanValue* ND!X Y@100Y@N100 NDBX  Y@100 Y@ NF -#!X  -SP -#!X  -Lt -#!X  - -#!X  - MC!X  &@11&@M11 mcAX  &@11 &@  ?.8?m.8 MCAX  ?.8 ? 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